Note that the cap has a large spring underneath with a small tab in the center. This system also relies heavily on the pressure created by the expanding coolant. The best way to determine if your vehicle is using a overflow tank would be to find out if your radiator is sporting a pressure rated cap, since this is what determines when the coolant starts flowing between the cooling system and the tank. The hot coolant is transferred back and forth between the tank depending on the pressure emitted from the hot coolant.Īn overflow tank can also be referred to as a recovery tank and is the simpler system of the two.
The overflow tank typically has one or sometimes two ports. The end result was two different types of tanks that are used to do just that. Back in the day, this hot coolant would just be vented to the atmosphere (the ground to be precise), but in the spirit of keeping our one earth intact, auto makers designed tanks to catch and reuse the expanding coolant. When it comes to coolant specifically, it also creates steam and gas pressure that needs to go somewhere. This might take you back to your high school chemistry class, but things expand when they get hot. Nowadays, just about everything in the engine stays in there and is recycled in some way, including the very liquid that keeps those cylinders at the appropriate temperature.
As environmental restrictions tightened, manufacturers had to develop ways to keep the byproducts of the internal combustion and cooling chemicals inside the car. It was great for the cars, but not so great for the world around us (sorry ozone). No PCV or CCV lines, no catalytic converters, just dribbling coolant and blow-by all across the roadways. Back in the good ‘ol days (aka the infancy) of liquid cooled engines, just about all of the emissions systems would vent chemicals and harmful vapors to the atmosphere.
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